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- TurboAss
- ©1989 Σ-soft
- Markus Fritze & Sören Hellwig
-
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- Version 1.7
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- Markus Fritze, Sören Hellwig
- March 1990
- Imported and translated by the United Coding Alliance
-
-
-
-
-
-
- 1.1 Turbo-Ass Introduction 1
-
-
-
-
- 1. General
-
- 1.1 Introduction
-
- After long back and forth we (Σ-Soft) decided to market our Assembler
- package under the Shareware concept. Prior to that the Assembler was
- sold commercially through OMIKRON-Software under the name OMIKRON-
- Assembler. However, the Shareware version is an expanded and entlarged
- version of the old OMIKRON Assembler. It contains less mistakes,
- additional and improved features and is faster. In the package included
- are the Debugger (of course), the Bugadoo (before OMIKRON Debugger).
- Consequently every User can enjoy the fast and powerful Assembler
- aswell as the Debugger. Especially since there are so many Programming
- Languages that are sold as Shareware or as PD, there aren't any
- reasonably good Assemblers around.
-
- THE COMPANY OMIKRON SOFTWARE BARES NO RELATION WITH THIS ASSEMBLER
- PACKAGE. Σ-SOFT IS THE ONLY OWNER AND HAS THE FULL RIGHTS FOR THIS
- ASSEMBLER AND DEBUGGER!
-
- This Document is not thought to be an Introduction but a presentation of
- the Turbo-Assembler. The complete manual of 254 Pages can be obtained
- from the Authors. If needed it is possible to consult issues 11/89 and
- 12/89 of "ST-Magazin" for further information. The Assembler and the
- Debugger are topics of the Referencecard in the above issues.
-
- Supplement:
-
- Compared to the Manual many features are not included in the README file
- it is just to much.......(Markus)
-
-
- 1.2 Turbo-Assembler Features
-
- - Simple and thought-out Operation (Very User Friendly).
-
- - The Assembler translates approx. 1.3 Million lines/minute.
-
- - Syntax-Check DURING Input. Partly Semantic-Check! Typing mistakes
- aswell as double use of Symbolnames are shown directly during
- Input.
-
- - Many powerful Editor Functions such as: Search for Text, Replace
- Text, "Turn-In" of partial programs (like GFA-Basic 3.0) and many
- more features.
-
- - Fantastic combinational work between the Debugger and Assembler. In
- crash cases of a program in the Debugger the Assembler auto-
- matically computes the Crash Address into a line number.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- 1.1 Turbo-Ass Introduction 2
-
-
-
-
-
- - Own Keyboard and Screendriver => Even in the most hardest Crash
- conditions the Assembler and Debugger are still functioning.
-
- - No Macros!!!
-
- - and many more things....
-
-
- 1.3 What is Shareware?
-
- - Everyone can/should copy Turbo-Ass! However, ALL Files should
- be copied and be included on the disk.
-
- - If you like the Assembler please send us 50 DM (German Marks). This
- has advantages for all parties involved:
-
- For us:
- - We don't work totally for free (It took 3 Years to develop the
- package).
-
- For the User:
- - He/She will receive a 254 page strong manual.
-
- - He/She receives the latest version with a customized Serialnumber
-
- - First Update is for free.
-
- - If Errors are encountered a Error-Free version is shipped.
-
- - If an problems/errors arise you could contact us for assistance.
-
- - When Registering, every User that will state his Serialnumber
- we will award 10DM (Max. of 10 times, we don't want to finance
- PD institutions). The money is thought to be as a "Reward" for
- the demonstration and coping of the product.
-
- - Note: If anybody is registrering, and the Serialnumber of the
- previous owner is stated the User that this Serialnumber belongs
- to will receive 10DM.
-
- If you want to accept this offer please contact:
- Markus Fritze
- Birkhahnkamp 38
- 2000 Norderstedt 1
- Tel: 040/5223955
- (from 6 PM including the weekend (please not before
- 11 AM)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- 1.1 Turbo-Ass Introduction
-
-
- Bank Code Number: 20069111, Norderstedter Bank
- Account Number : 407860
-
- When ordering please have some patients with the delivery. Even thought
- I hope to complete all Mail the same day it is possible that we run out
- of manuals or new updates are in order, thus this takes sometimes a bit
- longer (If you don't receive it after 2-3 Weeks an Inquiry can be send).
- I APPOLOGIZE FOR ANY INCONVENIENCE THAT MAY ARISE BECAUSE OF IT.
-
-
-
- 1.4 Hardware Requirements
-
- ATARI ST with 512k of memory whereas with 1Mb and above it is possible
- to hold the Assembler and Debugger at the same time in RAM, which on
- its part makes it possible to produce effective Debugging. The high
- Resolution Screen is recommended but the Medium one works also very well
- (High is better for the eyes). Turbo-Ass works on Colour monitor aswell
- as Monochrome Monitors.
-
-
- 1.5 Installation
-
- Copy TURBOASS.PRG, TURBOASS.CFG, TURBOASS.DAT, BUGABOO.PRG and
- CALL. PRG to a disk or into a Folder. That's it.
-
-
- 1.6 About the Authors
-
- Sören Hellwig and Markus Fritze are currently 21 and 22 Years old and
- currently studying computer science at the University of Wedel near
- Hamburg. This is the one of the reasons why we ask for a little bit of
- patient. Unfortunately our studies are first priority. We will answer
- any letter that include Int. coupons. Mail without international coupons
- will be answered only in exceptional cases (Registration doesn't require
- international coupons!).
-
-
-
- 1.7 Copyright
-
- All rights reserved by Σ-soft. Every person has the right to copy the
- Assembler. It is also allowed to upload it to Bulletin Board Systems.
- The Turbo-Ass and the complete manual where put together with extereme
- professionalism and care. Unfortunately misktakes are hard to exclude
- therefore we want to bring to your attention that Σ-soft is not liable
- for any mishafs caused by the software, hardware or mistakes in the
- manual. We also don't take any responsibility if somebody accuses us
- that as a result of Turbo-Ass his whole Harddrive was erases and Source-
- coded with a value of a couple million Mark where destroyed.
- Note: Use at your own risk as to the quality and performance of the
- programs is with you. Should the program prove defective, you
- assume the entire cost of all necessary repair or corrections
- (This is the same for all Software Companies).
-
-
-
-
- 1.1 Turbo-Ass Introduction 4
-
-
-
-
- 2 The Assembler
-
-
- 2.1 User Guide for Turbo-Assembler
-
- The usage is GEM independent which means it was programmed from scratch.
- It has the advantage of making Turbo-Ass faster aswell as pretty save to
- crashes. Additional to that a few handy features where implemented.
- Nevertheless, GEM should not be overlooked. By pressing the ALT button
- with the small letters in the buttons it causes the same effect as to
- click the buttons with the Mouse.
-
-
- 2.2 The Mouse in Turbo-Assembler
-
- There are many things that can be done with the Mouse, however only the
- usage with the Assembler is explained:
-
- Sourcecode:
- Left Mouse Button:
- Simple Click: Set Cursor
- Long Click: Mark Block (with scrolling)
- Double Click: Jump to Definition of the clicked Symbol
-
- Right Mouse Button:
- Simple Click: Scroll Sourcecode (click only at the edge!)
- Double Click: Equation to be taken over
-
-
- 2.3 The Editor
-
- Every inputed line is automatically checked for Syntax Errors and
- Semantics. If the line contains no mistakes a formated output of
- this line occurs. In case of an inputed mistakes the type of
- mistake is shown on top (Statusline).
-
-
- 2.4 Special Features
-
- "Absolute Short" as an Adresstypy is directly supported. A ".w" must
- be included after the Address.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- 1.1 Turbo-Ass Introduction 5
-
-
-
-
-
- Line-A Routines can be entered with the "LINEA #Number" format. The
- Assembler converts non-Motorola inputs into the Motorola standart.
-
-
- 2.5 Optimization
-
- Included:
- Absolute long -> relative
- Relative -> relative short
- Absolute long -> PC-relative
- MOVE.L #xx,A0 -> LEA xx,A0 (if following that PC-relative anything
- gives)
- MOVE.L #xx,-(SP)->PEA xx,A0 (if following that PC-relative anything
- gives)
- Additional to that typical jumps are found for a few C Compilers
- (Example: 2 BRA on top of each other where the second BRA is never
- jumped to). If the Assembler finds any cases where Optimization is
- possible the Assembler will show a Button called "To Adjust" after
- it. The Assembler which as a result will optimize the Source code.
- It is also possible to reverse-optimize, if this may seem of any
- help.
-
-
- 2.6 Formulas
-
- Everything standart is accepted such as:
- + - * / ! (LOG.NOT) ~ (NOT or EOR)
- << (SHL >> (SHR) | (OR) & (AND)
- also comparisons are supported
-
- Number Systems supported:
- Decimal : . or nothing
- Hexadecimal : $
- Binary : %
- ASCII : " or '
-
- Internal variables are ^^DATE (GEMDOS-DATE), ^^TIME (GEMDOS-TIME)
- * (act. PC), ^^RSCOUNT (act. value of RS-Counter) and ^^SYMTAB (<>0,
- during production of the Symbol table).
- Symbols can be 23 character long where ALL characters are ellowed. Vowel
- mutation is also supported >126 (also supported). Exception ASCII 255.
-
-
- 2.7 Keyboard Commands
-
- Cursorkeys, Backspace, e.t.c. and as usuall CTRL-Y, CTRL-B....
- like Tempus (Text-Editor)
- CTRL-D doubles the Cursorline.
- CTRL-M/ALT-M makes the moving of a line possible.
- CTRL-W changes the Numberbase under the Cursor.
- CTRL-U markes all characters with warnings where
-
-
-
-
- 1.1 Turbo-Ass Introduction 6
-
-
-
-
- a Symbol is defined that is not used anywhere. This is fantastic to
- find unused Subprograms!
- ALT-Numeric Keyboard Same as in MS-DOS, gives ASCII back.
- ESC+Letter Abbreviation for a command.
- CTRL-ESC Start Keyboard Macro followed by the defined
- character. All followed Keys are set (not the
- Mouse). Finish the procedure with ALT-ESC. Keys
- can be cleared by pressing CTRL-ESC, Key and
- finally with ALT-ESC (follow the consequantional
- order).
-
-
- 2.8 Editor Footnotes
-
- With the option "Load..." it is possible to load plain ASCII-Text. Upon
- loading the ASCII-Text is converted into the Turbo-Ass Format which will
- be indicated. The options "Search Symbol" and "Replace Symbol" allow
- the programmer to search and replace Symbols. The possibility of wild-
- card search is possible such as all Symbols that start with the letter
- "M" (Mask:"M*") without finding every Move-Instruction (such as all
- ASCII Editors). "Jump to line" allows of jumping to the Symbol
- definition (Input: "M*"). The dialog boxes in the "Setting" Menu are
- parly selfexplanatory and the rest is either unimportant or to
- complicated to explain in this document.
-
-
- 2.9 The Assembler
-
- Called with F1. If any errors occur during the Assembly the Assembler
- markes all lines containing them. After the Assembly it is possible to
- jump from one error to another through the CTRL-J or Shift-CTRL-J. The
- Assembler saves the errors, cursor position e.t.c. with the source code!
-
- In the Dialogbox after (!) the Assembly it is possible to set a few
- extra options:
-
- - Should the Symboltable be attached to the program (or passed on to
- the Debugger)?
- - The saving of the Assembled program in different formats is also
- possible:
-
- Debugger: Jump into the Debugger with Program passing (No Memory)
- Standart: Save Program (normal)
- Datas : Develop Data-Lines (for OMIKRON Basic)
- Absolute: Develop a program for a specific Adress (Example: EPROM)
- BASIC : Special Format for Basic
- OMINLINE: Produce INLINE-Line for OMIKRON Basic
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- 1.1 Turbo-Ass Introduction 7
-
-
-
-
- PARALLEL : Special Transferformat for the Amiga
- SMALLDRI : Produce DRI-Format (However without Import)
- GFAINLINE: Produce GFA Inline Format
- FSTANDARD: Set Fast-Load-Bit in Header (ST-Magazin 11/89) and
-
- Standard
-
-
- 2.10 Assembler Pseudo-Opcodes
-
- DC, DS, BLK, DCB, EVEN, ALIGN, TEXT, DATA, BSS, END, =, EQU,
- GLOBAL, CNOP, ORG, ILLEGAL AND REG
-
- DXSET Length[,Value] Define Table
- DX 'String' Fill Tableinput with the lenght
- RS, RSRESET, RSSET, RSBSS Relative Segment
- OPT D+ Regular Symboltable on
- OPT X+ Enhanced Symboltable on
- OPT W+ Warnings on
- OPT P+ PC-relative program must be developed
- OPT O+ Optimization on
- With '-' the above can be turned off
- OUTPUT 'Filename' Default-Filename
- PATH 'Path' Set IBYTS for PATH
- IBYTES 'DEGAS.PI3',32000,34 Loads a Data File length 32000 from Byte 34
- of the Data File (Here a Degas Picture)
- BASE Much to complicated..
- REPT Number, ENDR repeats the times between REPT and ENDR
- IF, ELSE, ENDC Limited Assembly
- FAIL Abort Assembly
-
-
- 3 The Debugger
-
-
- 3.1 Foreword
-
- It is actually impossible to explain in short the Debugger that is
- why you will find only the most important commands (Typing HELP in
- the Debugger Menu will have all commands summarized)
-
-
- 3.2 General
-
- The Debugger does not use any I/O-Routines of TOS, thus it means that
- it is pretty save to say that it is quite immune to crashes. In Load
- Operations it will use GEMDOS calls.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- 1.1 Turbo-Ass Introduction 8
-
-
-
-
- It run it own Monitorside, which avoids the "disturbing" of the Programm
- and the Debugger.
-
- The Debugging can be accomplished through the use of the Mouse or the
- Keyboard.
-
- The Debugger can be kept in memory, which on the User sides requires
- the copying into an AUTO-Folder or with the command RESIDENT. The
- Debugger can be called with CALL.PRG. You can also switch and access
- the Debugger through the Assembler (The Assembler can also load the
- Debuuger, see the Setting).
-
-
- 3.3 The Usage of the Debugger
-
- The two upper lines correspond to the Functionkeys (with and without
- shift). The 3 following lines represent the Registerscontents and Flags.
- All parts of the 5 lines can be used with the help of the Mouse.
-
- The rest (max. 20 lines) are modifyable. Here you'll have the
- inputs and the outputs. Here the live goes wild.....
-
- The Keyboard layout (Cursorkeys, CTRL-M, CTRL-1, e.t.c.) is very
- similar to that of the Assembler.
-
- Inputs are followed always from the beginnig of the line or after the
- Hex number. Empty character are ignort or used as spacers.
-
- Upon loading of the Debugger through the Assembler the CTRL-HELP allows
- the jumping back. During the procedure the PC-Position is converted into
- the line number. This means that if a program crashed during Debbuging
- and the PC is in the program with the help of CTRL-HELP it is possible
- to jump to the appropriate part in the Source Code.
-
- SHIFT-SHIFT allows the interuptioun of a running program. The
- Ring-Indicator is also functioning. The Debugger is also reset-proof.
- Use as an Emergency brake is proven to be helpfull from time to time.
-
-
- F1 - Executes the next command
-
- SF1 - Interrupts at the next Jump command. Simulates the Tracemode
- of the 68020 Processor.
-
- F2 - Sets after the next command a Breakpoint and starts the
- program. This is very usefull to go through a Subprogram or
- to complete a DBRA.
-
- SF2 - Not to important
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- 1.1 Turbo-Ass Introduction 9
-
-
-
-
- F3 - Executes the program and interrupts after the RTS.
- Attention! If with MOVEM values are saved in the Stack
- => Bomb!
-
- SF3 - Identical to F3 but after RTE
-
- F4 - DOES NOT execute the next TRAP but jumps into it.
-
- SF4 - Start program without any Endconditions
-
- F5 - Next command is ignort, thus skip.
-
- SF5 - Toggle Insert/Overwrite
-
- F6 - Show Sourcecode (only if Bugaddo was entered through the
- Assembler)
-
- SF6 - Show converted Assembler markers
-
- F7 - Memorydump from the PC
-
- SF7 - Show Breakpoints
-
- F8 - Disassemble and Dump from the PC
-
- SF8 - Info about Memory contents
-
- F9 - List from PC (with Symbols if available)
-
- SF9 - Erase Screen, Warmboot
-
- F10 - Toggle Screen
-
- SF10- Quit Debugger
-
-
- 3.4 The Commands
-
- All commands can be abbreviated.
-
- ?Term Calculates Term
- Term can (excluding comparisons) contain all operations of the
- Assembler. Additional to that indirect Addressing is possible with
- {400}.l. ".l" is the range. All numbers are identified as HEX. Decimal
- numbers are shown with ".". In case of a Symboltable ".Symbolname"
- allows the stepping-in.".
-
- Defined Variables (partly)
- ^D0-^D7 Registers D0-D7
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- 1.1 Trubo-Ass Introduction 10
-
-
-
-
- ^A0-^A7 Registers A0-A7
- PC, USP, SSP, SR, CCR, SP Registers
- ^M0-^M9 Converted Assembler markers
-
-
- All of the above variables are modifieable with LET Variable=Term.
- LET can be abbreviated with "~".
-
- A few more Read-Only-Variables:
- TEXT, DATA, BSS, START, END, BASEPAGE, BP, ACTPD, MEMBASE, SAVEAREA.
-
- There are additional 20-30 not that important variables.
-
- BREAKPOINT [Number=Address[,[*|=Value|number|?condition]|K]]
- Show, Delete, change and set the Breakpoints
-
-
- Set B5=PC+.100 Breakpoint 5 (0-15 is possible) to Address PC+100
-
- B K Delete all Breakpoints
-
- B Show all Breakpoints
-
- BK3 Delete Breakpoint #3
-
-
- B0=Adr, Number : Set a Stop-Breakpoint with the number of times
- executed. Following with the clearing of the
- Breakpoint.
-
- B0=Adr,* : Breakpoints are not deleted after execution. Normal
- Breakpoints ARE delete.
-
- B0=Adr,=Wert : Set counter to Adress of Adr. In ^BC0 it is counted
- upwards to see how often the Address was reached.
-
- B0=Adr,?Term : Causes BKPT, Interuption when Term<>0 example:
- B0=Adr,?^D0=4711 => Interuption when PC=Adr
-
- GO [Adr]
- Start program from Adr or PC
-
- TRACE
- Like F1
-
- SHOWMEMORY Term
- Show 16 Bytes of(from) Term
-
- UNTRACE [Adr]
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- 1.1 Turbo-Ass Introduction 11
-
-
-
-
- Trace until the condition is fullfiled
-
- IF Term
- Condition for UNTRACE
-
- OBSERVE Trapno,Funkno
- Stop when Trapno(Function) is executed as an example:
- OBSERVE 14,8 => Stop when XBIOS(8) = Floprd()
-
- CLS
- Clear 2. Screen
-
- MOUSEON / MOUSEOFF
- VDI-Mouse on/off
-
- |Instruction
- Execute Instruction (great for testing)
-
- LEXECUTE "Filename"[,"Commandline"]
- Load relocatable program (=>Pexec()) then start with GO.
-
- LOAD "Filename"[,Adress]
- Load File but does not relocate.
-
- SAVE ["Filename"[,Address[,Endaddress]]]
- Save File
-
- DIR "[Drive:][Path][Mask]"
- Example: DIR "D:\Assembler\*.SRC"
-
- P Command (PRN)
- Example: Pd10000,10100" <= Disassembles a program from $10000 to $10100
- and prints it out on the printer.
-
- FOPEN Filename, F command, FCLOSE
- Output of a command into a File
-
- ERASE, KILL Filename
- Delete File (with wildcards!)
-
- FREE
- Show free memory
-
- FREE Drive
- Shows amount of storage left on the Disk/Harddrive
-
- MKDIRECTORY Name
- Create Folder
-
- RMDIRECTORY Name
- Delete Folder
-
- NAME oldname,newname
- Change Filename
-
-
- 1.1 Turbo-Ass Introduction 12
-
-
-
-
- FATTRIBUT Filename,attribut
- Change/set File-Attribut
-
- FORMAT DS/SS,Drive
- Format Disk
-
- TYPE Filename
- Display ASCII File (SPACE will pause the output)
-
- READSECTOR Track,Sector,Side,Adress,Drive(0 or 1)
- Read Sector with XBIOS(8)
-
- WRITESECTOR same as above
- Write Sector with XBIOS(9)
-
- All of the following given commands allow the same Syntax as in the
- parameters thus only Parameters are represented. This means:
-
- [Parameter] = [From][[,]#[Line]|,To|[,][Bytes[]]]
-
- The setting of parameter is not necessarry. The Debugger takes the
- given values automatically.
-
- If the expression "From" is missing the disassembling accours from
- the current address. The current Address is the number at the beginnning
- of the line, if however this is also missing the last used Address is
- recognized.
-
- The End-Address ("To") must not be necessarilly put in. If a "#" is
- entered instead of "To" a single line is put out. If "#" followed by
- a number thus is considered a Linenumber to output. It is possible
- to output 8 lines, however a max. of 99 are possible. If the End output
- is missing completely than (usually) only 16 lines are printed out. The
- number is changeable and can be modified with the Variable "Lines". The
- last option is the statement of the Bytenumber in square brackets. The
- square brackets can be ignort.
-
- Example:
- "d text #5"
- Disassembles 5 lines from the beginning of the loaded program.
-
- Example:
- "m data[30]"
- Memorydump of the DATA-Segment (48 Bytes long).
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- 1.1 Turbo-Ass Introduction 13
-
-
-
-
- Disassemble [Parameter]
- Disassemble with Dump, hoewever Dump can be changed!
-
- List [Parameter]
- Disassemble with Symbols but without Dump, Opcodes can be changed (Don't
- forget the RETURN)
-
- SYMBOLTABLE [Parameter]
- Display Symboltable
-
- MEMORY[.B|.W|.L][Parameter]
- Memorydump with output width (changeable)
-
- ASCII [Parameter]
- ASCII Dump (changeable
-
- FIND [From,To], Terms{,Term}
- Search a loaded program or memory for Terms
-
- HUNT (see above)
- Identical to Find however works on even Addresses
-
- ASCFIND [From,To],String
- Search for a ASCII string (with wildcards) in the Disassembler listing.
- Slow but practical.
-
- CONTINUE
- Continue Hunt, Find or ASCFIND when aborted through ESC
-
- INFO
- Try it
-
- SYSINFO
- Try this one out too
-
- MOVE, COPY From, To, After
- Copy Memoryblock
-
- FILL From, To, Term {,Term}
- Fill Memoryblock
-
- CLR [From, To]
- Delete Memoryblock (or everything)
-
-
- COMPARE From, To, Adr
- Compare From, To area from Adr
-
- EXIT, QUIT, SYSTEM
- Leave Debugger
-
-
-
-
-
-
- 1.1 Turbo-Ass Introduction 14
-
-
-
-
- RESIDENT
- Keep Debugger Resident
-
- SET, LET, ~
- See above
-
- RESET ALL
- Coldboot Debugger
-
- HELP
- Gives out all commands (as you'll see, a few more than described here)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- Table of contents
-
- Turbo-Assembler
-
- 1 General .............................................. 1
- 1.1 Introduction ................................... 1
- 1.2 Turbo-Ass Features ............................. 1
- 1.3 What is Shareware? ............................. 2
- 1.4 Hardware requirements .......................... 3
- 1.5 Installation .................................... 3
- 1.6 About the Authors .............................. 3
- 1.7 Copyright ...................................... 3
-
- 2 The Assembler
- 2.1 User Guide to the Assembler .................... 4
- 2.2 The Mouse in Turbo-Assembler ................... 4
- 2.3 The Editor ..................................... 4
- 2.4 Special Features ............................... 4
- 2.5 Optimization ................................... 5
- 2.6 Formulas ....................................... 5
- 2.7 Keyboard Commands .............................. 5
- 2.8 Editor Footnotes ............................... 6
- 2.9 The Assembler .................................. 6
- 2.10 Assembler Pseudo-Opcodes ...................... 7
-
- 3 The Debugger ........................................ 7
- 3.1 Foreword ....................................... 7
- 3.2 General ........................................ 7
- 3.3 The Usage of the Debugger ...................... 8
- 3.4 The Commands ................................... 9
-
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